Ginsenoside Rh4
Ginsenoside Rh4 is a rare saponin obtained from Panax notoginseng. Ginsenoside Rh4 activates Bax, caspase 3, caspase 8, and caspase 9. Ginsenoside Rh4 also induces autophagy. Ginsenoside Rh4 could be safely used as adjuvant with low or non-haemolytic effect; it has cytotoxic activity and its aglycone against cancer cell lines.
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Providing storage is as stated on the product vial and the vial is kept tightly sealed, the product can be stored for up to
24 months(2-8C).
Wherever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20C. Generally, these will be useable for up to two weeks. Before use, and prior to opening the vial we recommend that you allow your product to equilibrate to room temperature for at least 1 hour.
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The packaging of the product may have turned upside down during transportation, resulting in the natural compounds adhering to the neck or cap of the vial. take the vial out of its packaging and gently shake to let the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial. for liquid products, centrifuge at 200-500 RPM to gather the liquid at the bottom of the vial. try to avoid loss or contamination during handling.
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Chem Biodivers. 2007 Feb;4(2):232-40.
Immunological adjuvant effect of ginsenoside Rh4 from the roots of Panax notoginseng on specific antibody and cellular response to ovalbumin in mice.[Pubmed:
17311234]
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Ginsenoside Rh4 (1), a saponin isolated from the roots of Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen, was evaluated for its haemolytic activity and adjuvant potential on specific antibody and cellular response to ovalbumin (OVA) in mice. Compound 1 showed a slight haemolytic effect, its concentration inducing 50% of the maximum haemolysis (HD(50) value) being 407+/-12 microg/ml using a 0.5% suspension of red blood cells. Ginsenoside Rh4 significantly increased the concanavalin A (Con A)-, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-, and OVA-induced splenocyte proliferation in OVA-immunized mice especially at a dose of 25 microg (P<0.05, P<0.01, or P<0.001). The OVA-specific serum IgG, IgG1, and IgG2b antibody levels were also significantly enhanced by 1 at a dose of 25 microg compared to the OVA control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Moreover, the enhancing effect of Ginsenoside Rh4 on the OVA-specific IgG2b antibody responses to OVA in mice was more significant than that of Alum (Al(OH)(3) gel; P<0.01).
CONCLUSIONS:
These results suggest that Ginsenoside Rh4 could be safely used as adjuvant with low or non-haemolytic effect.
Planta Med. 1996 Feb;62(1):86-7.
Ginsenoside Rh4, a genuine dammarane glycoside from Korean red ginseng.[Pubmed:
8720394]
METHODS AND RESULTS:
A genuine glycoside, named Ginsenoside Rh4, was isolated from Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) through repeated column chromatography, and its chemical structure was established to be 6-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyldammar-20(22),24-diene-3 beta,6 alpha,12 beta-triol by spectral and chemical methods. The stereochemistry of a double bond at C-20(22) of Ginsenoside Rh4 was characterized as (E) from a NOESY experiment in the 1H-NMR of the aglycone.
CONCLUSIONS:
Cytotoxic activities of Ginsenoside Rh4 and its aglycone against cancer cell lines were evaluated by use of the SRB method.
