Seneciphylline N-oxide
Seneciphylline N-oxide and senecionine N-oxide are probably tumorigenic due to their potential conversion into seneciphylline and senecionine via metabolic reduction in the body.
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Providing storage is as stated on the product vial and the vial is kept tightly sealed, the product can be stored for up to
24 months(2-8C).
Wherever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20C. Generally, these will be useable for up to two weeks. Before use, and prior to opening the vial we recommend that you allow your product to equilibrate to room temperature for at least 1 hour.
Need more advice on solubility, usage and handling? Please email to: service@chemfaces.com
The packaging of the product may have turned upside down during transportation, resulting in the natural compounds adhering to the neck or cap of the vial. take the vial out of its packaging and gently shake to let the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial. for liquid products, centrifuge at 200-500 RPM to gather the liquid at the bottom of the vial. try to avoid loss or contamination during handling.
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Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 1989,18(1):19-31.
Site of synthesis, metabolism and translocation of senecionine N-oxide in cultured roots of Senecio erucifolius[Reference:
WebLink]
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Root cultures of Senecio erucifolius (Asteraceae) efficiently took up and incorporated [14C]putrescine and [14C]arginine into the pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA) senecionine N-oxide. Pulse-chase experiments covering a growth period of 10 to 19 days revealed the absence of any significant alkaloid turnover.
CONCLUSIONS:
The only metabolic activity was a slow but progressive transformation of senecionine N-oxide into its dehydrogenation product, Seneciphylline N-oxide.
Phytochemistry,1997,45(3):489-497.
Selective sequestration and metabolism of plant derived pyrrolizidine alkaloids by chrysomelid leaf beetles[Reference:
WebLink]
METHODS AND RESULTS:
A novel PA not found in the food plants was detected in the defensive secretions of Oreina elongata; it was identified as 13,19-expoxisenecionine N-oxide (oreine), the epoxidation product of Seneciphylline N-oxide. Besides this transformation, leaf beetles are able to catalyse further transformations such as the O-dealkylation of heliotrine N-oxide to rinderine N-oxide and the O-deacetylation of acetylSeneciphylline N-oxide to Seneciphylline N-oxide.
CONCLUSIONS:
The plant-beetle interactions are discussed in the functional context of PAs as powerful plant defensive chemicals.
Journal of Comparative Physiology A,2003,189(11):833-841.
Experience influences gustatory responsiveness to pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the polyphagous caterpillar, Estigmene acrea[Reference:
WebLink]
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Electrophysiological recordings from taste sensilla of the caterpillar Estigmene acrea with the pyrrolizidine alkaloid, Seneciphylline N-oxide, demonstrated that prior feeding on plants with pyrrolizidine alkaloids caused an increase in responsiveness of the PA-sensitive cells in two sensilla, relative to feeding on plants without such chemicals.
Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2008;22(4):591-602.
Identification of five hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids in a commonly used traditional Chinese medicinal herb, Herba Senecionis scandentis (Qianliguang).[Pubmed:
18220326 ]
Senecio scandens Buch.-Ham is a plant source for a commonly used traditional Chinese medicinal (TCM) herb Qianliguang. A TCM herbal proprietary product containing Qianliguang as the major herb for the treatment of sinusitis has been used in China for several decades, and has also been exported to other regions and countries worldwide.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
In the present study, the aqueous extract of S. scandens collected in the Shanxi Province of China was determined, for the first time, to contain hepatotoxic and tumorigenic pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) by using high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometric (HPLC/MS) analysis in various scanning modes. A total of nine toxic and two non-toxic PAs were detected in the aqueous extract of S. scandens, of which six PAs, namely neoplatyphylline, senecionine, senecionine N-oxide, seneciphylline, Seneciphylline N-oxide and senkirkine, were unequivocally characterized, while other PAs were tentatively assigned as jacobine, jacozine N-oxide (or erucifoline N-oxide), 7-tigloylplatynecine, usaramine and an isomer of yamataimine. The estimated total content of toxic PAs in S. scandens was 10.82 microg/g herb, which was significantly higher than that (> or =1 microg/g herb) recommended by Belgium and Germany not to be used clinically. Among the PAs definitively identified, senecionine, seneciphylline, and senkirkine are known tumorigens capable of inducing liver tumors in experimental animals, while Seneciphylline N-oxide and senecionine N-oxide are probably tumorigenic due to their potential conversion into seneciphylline and senecionine via metabolic reduction in the body.
CONCLUSIONS:
Thus, the current finding of the presence of toxic/tumorigenic PAs in S. scandens challenges the safety of using this TCM herb and its proprietary products.
