Ligularine
Ligularine and clivorine are two hepatotoxic otonecine-type pyrrolizidine alkaloids.
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Providing storage is as stated on the product vial and the vial is kept tightly sealed, the product can be stored for up to
24 months(2-8C).
Wherever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20C. Generally, these will be useable for up to two weeks. Before use, and prior to opening the vial we recommend that you allow your product to equilibrate to room temperature for at least 1 hour.
Need more advice on solubility, usage and handling? Please email to: service@chemfaces.com
The packaging of the product may have turned upside down during transportation, resulting in the natural compounds adhering to the neck or cap of the vial. take the vial out of its packaging and gently shake to let the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial. for liquid products, centrifuge at 200-500 RPM to gather the liquid at the bottom of the vial. try to avoid loss or contamination during handling.
Food Funct.2023, 14(9):4354-4367.
The Korea Journal of Herbology2016, 29-35
Agriculture2022, 12(2),227.
Eur J Ther.2023, 29(4):900-906.
Anticancer Res.2014, 34(7):3505-9
Separations2023, 10(4), 231.
Food Chem.2020, 313:126079
Phytother Res.2022, 10.1002:ptr.7602.
Molecules.2021, 26(2):313.
J Chromatogr A.2024, 1714:464544.
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J Nat Prod. 2000 Jun;63(6):857-60.
Characterization of two structural forms of otonecine-type pyrrolizidine alkaloids from Ligularia hodgsonii by NMR spectroscopy.[Pubmed:
10869221]
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Clivorine (1) and Ligularine (2), two hepatotoxic otonecine-type pyrrolizidine alkaloids isolated from Ligularia hodgsonii, an antitussive traditional Chinese medicine, were investigated in CDCl(3) and D(2)O by various NMR techniques to delineate why this type of alkaloid displays uncharacteristic solubility properties by dissolving in both nonpolar organic and aqueous solutions.
CONCLUSIONS:
The results demonstrated that both alkaloids exist in a non-ionized form in CDCl(3), but in an ionized form in D(2)O, suggesting that this unique dual solubility may play a role in the intoxication resultant from consumption of water extracts of herbs, including herbal teas, containing otonecine-type pyrrolizidine alkaloids.
