Gypenoside LI
Gypenoside LI possesses inhibitory effect on the growth of cancer cells, it induces G2/M arrest.
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Providing storage is as stated on the product vial and the vial is kept tightly sealed, the product can be stored for up to
24 months(2-8C).
Wherever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20C. Generally, these will be useable for up to two weeks. Before use, and prior to opening the vial we recommend that you allow your product to equilibrate to room temperature for at least 1 hour.
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The packaging of the product may have turned upside down during transportation, resulting in the natural compounds adhering to the neck or cap of the vial. take the vial out of its packaging and gently shake to let the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial. for liquid products, centrifuge at 200-500 RPM to gather the liquid at the bottom of the vial. try to avoid loss or contamination during handling.
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Archives of Pharmacal Research, 2013, 36(7):874-879.
Dammarane-type saponins from heat-processed Gynostemma pentaphyllum show fortified activity against A549 cells.[Reference:
WebLink]
METHODS AND RESULTS:
An ethanol extract from heat-processed Gynostemma pentaphyllum showed more potent cytotoxic activity against human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells than that of raw G. pentaphyllum. Four constituents were isolated from heat-processed G. pentaphyllum using resin HP-20, silica gel and reversed ODS column chromatography. They were identified by mass and NMR spectra as damulin A and damulin B, gypenoside L and Gypenoside LI, respectively. To evaluate the efficacy of these four constituents, the MTT cytotoxicity assay was performed using A549 cells.
CONCLUSIONS:
Based on the structure of these four constituents, the results indicate that the hydroxyl group in C-2 and double bond in C20(21) and C20(22) positions are of importance in inhibition of A549 cell proliferation.
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 12 Mar 2018, 219:161-172.
The inhibitory effect of gypenoside stereoisomers, gypenoside L and gypenoside LI, isolated from Gynostemma pentaphyllum on the growth of human lung cancer A549 cells.[Pubmed:
29545210 ]
Gypenosides are major constituents in Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino. Previous studies have shown that gypenosides isolated from G. pentaphyllum possess inhibitory effect on the growth of cancer cells, especially A549 cells, with structure-activity relationship (SAR). However, the underlying mechanism of gypenoside-induced A549 cell death remains to be clarified. To further investigate SAR and the underlying mechanism of gypenosides in A549 cells.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Gypenosides were isolated from G. pentaphyllum using chromatography methods and identified using MS and NMR data. The cytotoxicity was determined with CCK-8 assay. The effects of gypenosides on apoptosis, cell cycle and migration were investigated through cell morphology observation, flow cytometry analysis and key proteins detection. Three gypenosides, 2α,3β,12β,20(S)-tetrahydroxydammar-24-ene-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-20-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, gypenoside L and Gypenoside LI were isolated from G. pentaphyllum. Gypenoside stereoisomers, gypenoside L (S configuration at C20) and Gypenoside LI (R configuration at C20) showed stronger activity against A549 cells. Furthermore, both induced A549 cell apoptosis through intrinsic and extrinsic pathways evidenced by reducing mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), releasing more cytochrome c and down-regulating procaspase 8. However, gypenoside L blocked A549 cells in G0/G1, while Gypenoside LI induced G2/M arrest, which was further verified by different expression of CDK1, CDK2 and CDK4. In addition, both inhibited A549 cell migration, which was evidenced by down-regulation of MMP-2/9 as well as scratch wound assay and transwell assay.
CONCLUSIONS:
C20 of gypenoside played an important role in A549 cell cytotoxicity and gypenoside stereoisomers could be used as potential multi-target chemopreventive agents for cancer.
Food science, 2013.
icrobial Transformation of Ethanol-soluble Constituents from Gynostemma pentaphyllum.[Reference:
WebLink]
To compare the components of the ethanol extract from Gynostemma pentaphyllum before and after microbial transformation.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
The ethanol extract of G.pentaphyllum was fermented in liquid for 6 d using Bulgarian lactobacillus at 43 ℃.The anticytotoxic activity before and after microbial transformation were tested using non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells.The chemical composition was identified by LCMS-ITTOF. The ethanol extract of G.pentaphyllum transformed by Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp.bulgaricus showed more potent cytotoxic activity against A549 cells than that of the original extract.Some components were transformed by microbial transformation and the major transformed components were identified as gypenoside L,Gypenoside LI,damulin A and damulin B.
CONCLUSIONS:
More bioactive components of natural products may be obtained by microbial transformation.
Journal of the Agricultural Chemical Society of Japan, 2014, 78(2):311-316.
Determination by UPLC-MS of four dammarane-type saponins from heat-processed Gynostemma pentaphyllum[Reference:
WebLink]
Heat-processed Gynostemma pentaphyllum and its main dammaran-type saponins, gypenoside L, Gypenoside LI, damulin B, and damulin A, possess non-small cell lung carcinoma A549 cell inhibitory activity.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
We established in this study a method by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry for determination of the saponins and also investigated their content change in heat-processed G. pentaphyllum.
CONCLUSIONS:
The main saponins increased with increasing heating temperature and time. Further investigation showed that they were produced from gypenoside XLVI and gypenoside LVI by undergoing hydrolysis during the heat treatment.
