20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3
20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 has anticarcinogenic, neuroprotective, anti-aging and antifatigue activities, it has a wide spectrum of targets including caspase-3, MMP-2, MMP-9,HIF-1a,VEGF,IL-1,IL-6 and TNF-a.
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Providing storage is as stated on the product vial and the vial is kept tightly sealed, the product can be stored for up to
24 months(2-8C).
Wherever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20C. Generally, these will be useable for up to two weeks. Before use, and prior to opening the vial we recommend that you allow your product to equilibrate to room temperature for at least 1 hour.
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The packaging of the product may have turned upside down during transportation, resulting in the natural compounds adhering to the neck or cap of the vial. take the vial out of its packaging and gently shake to let the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial. for liquid products, centrifuge at 200-500 RPM to gather the liquid at the bottom of the vial. try to avoid loss or contamination during handling.
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Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2005 Mar;30(5):357-60.
The inhibition of 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 on the expressions of angiogenesis factors proteins in human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 and HUVEC304 cell.[Pubmed:
15806969]
To study the effect of 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 on the expressions of angiogenesis factors proteins (VEGF,bFGF, MMP-2) in human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 and HUVEC304 cell.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
The cell lines of A549 and HUVEC304 were cultured with 20(R)- Rg3. The gray scale and positive rate of VEGF, bFGF, MMP-2 were detected by immunohistochemistry. The differential expressions of genes were studied by DNA microarray. The positive rate of VEGF protein in A549 cell decreased significantly as compared with the control group ( P = 0.03). The gray scales of VEGF, Flt, KDT proteins in both A549 cell lines and HUVEC 304 cell lines decreased ( P = 0.05). Gray scale of MMP-2 also decreased in A549 cell lines. The result of differential expressions of genes of A549 cell lines showed that 14 genes were down-regulated and 10 genes were up-regulated.
CONCLUSIONS:
The Chinese materia medica of 20(R)-Rg3 can inhibit the expression of angiogenesis factors proteins via several target genes in both tumour cell and vascular endothelial cell.
Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2017 Aug 15;27(16):3867-3871.
20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 protects SH-SY5Y cells against apoptosis induced by oxygen and glucose deprivation/reperfusion.[Pubmed:
28709827 ]
As shown in our previous studies, 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 [20(R)-Rg3] exerts a neuroprotective effect on a rat model of transient focal cerebral ischemia, and the mechanism through which it decreases the mRNA expression of calpain I and caspase-3 has been delineated. However, researchers do not know whether 20(R)-Rg3 exhibits a neuroprotective effect following oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) injury in vitro.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
In the present study, 20(R)-Rg3 increased cell viability, decreased the LDH leakage rate, and inhibited the apoptosis rate in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, 20(R)-Rg3 markedly decreased cleaved caspase-3 protein expression. Furthermore, 20(R)-Rg3 significantly decreased the Bax mRNA and protein levels and increased the levels of Bcl-2 mRNA and protein, subsequently decreasing the Bax/Bcl-2 protein ratio.
CONCLUSIONS:
Based on these findings, 20(R)-Rg3 exerts a neuroprotective effect against OGD/R-induced apoptosis.
Biol Pharm Bull. 2008 Nov;31(11):2024-7.
The anti-fatigue effect of 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 in mice by intranasally administration.[Pubmed:
18981567]
20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 (20(R)-Rg3) has shown multiple pharmacological activities and been considered as one of the most promising approaches for fatigue treatment. However, 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 has a low bioavailability after oral administration in human due to the first-pass effect. Recently, nasal route has gained increasing interest as it can avoid first-pass effect for its lower enzymatic activity compared with the gastrointestinal tract and liver. In order to provide an animal experimental evidence of 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 intranasal administrated preparation, the anti-fatigue effect of 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 after intranasal administration was investigated.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Two weeks after 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 was administrated intranasally to mice at three different doses, the anti-fatigue effect of 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 was evaluated by the weight-loaded swimming test and biochemical parameters related to fatigue, such as serum urea nitrogen (SUN), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), blood lactic acid (LA) and hepatic glycogen.
CONCLUSIONS:
Our results predicted a benefit of 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 as an anti-fatigue treatment by intranasal administration. The mechanism was related to the increase of the storage of hepatic glycogen, and the decrease of the accumulation of metabolite such as lactic acid and serum urea nitrogen.
Journal of Chengdu Medical College,2014,9(1) :4-7
Effects of 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3on Apoptosis of Human Glioma U87 Cells.[Reference:
WebLink]
To examine the effects of 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3on apoptosis of human glioma U87 cells.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
The cytotoxic effect of Rg3on human glioma U87cells was determined with varying concentration of Rg3by MTT assay and flow-cytometric analysis.Morphological characteristics of apoptosis was measured by acridine organe/ethidium bromide assays.Alterations in signaling events were determined with Western Blot analysis probing for Bcl-2,Bax,p-Akt and t-Akt. Using the human glioma U87cell line,Rg3treatment resulted in dose-dependent and time-dependent inhibition of cellular proliferation and the Rg3treatment resulted in induction of apoptosis in dose-dependent manner.As shown by PI and annexin V method,we found that Rg3caused a dosage dependent increase in U87cell apoptosis.As shown by immunoblot analysis,Rg3could cause the downregulation of p-Akt protein expression without an effect on total t-Akt expression and also result in a dose-dependent decrease in antiapoptotic Bcl-2and a concomitant increase in proapoptic Bax proteins.The ratio of Bax/Bcl-2was significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner with Rg3treatment.
CONCLUSIONS:
The study suggests that Rg3 causes an inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase/Akt activation that,in turn,results in modulatons in Bcl-2 family proteins in such a way that the apoptosis of U87cells are regulated.
Progress of Anatomical Sciences,2002, 8(1):31-35.
Studies of 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 on Reversal Multidrug Resistance (MDR) and Induction of Apoptosis in K562/ADM Cell Line[Reference:
WebLink]
To observe and study the mechanism of reversing multidrug resistance (MDR) of K562/ADM cell line by a new anti plasma drug 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
MTT was applied to determine the cytotoxicity of ADM and Rg3 to K562/ADM cell; The concentration of ADM in K562/ADM cell was detected by fluorescence spectrophotometer; The apoptosis rate and quantity of K562/ADM expressing P glycoprotein(Pgp) were tested by flow cytometry (FCM); Transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used to observe apoptotic K562/ADM cells and apoptotic bodies. (1) The resistance of K562/ADM cell to ADM was 11 times as high as K562 cell was. IC 50 value of Rg3 on K562 and K562/ADM cell were 10.49±0.30ug/ml and 11.76±0.33ug/ml respectively. There wasnt obviously different (P0 05). (2) The concentration of ADM in K562/ADM cells can be lifted by innocurity and low toxicity dose of Rg3 obviously, the sensitivity of K562/ADM cell to ADM was raised remarkably. (3) Rg3 can quite inhibit growth of K562/ADM cells and induce apoptosis. These actions had dependence on acting time and concentration of Rg3. (4) The percent of K562/ADM cells of expressing Pgp was not affected by Rg3.
CONCLUSIONS:
20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 was not only an anti plasma agent but also a reversal agent of MDR and inducer of apoptosis.
Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2005 Mar;36(2):217-20.
Anticarcinogenic effect of 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 on induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats[Pubmed:
15807271]
To explore the anticarcinogenic mechanism of 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 in induced liver tumor in SD rat.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Thirty-five SD rats with induced hepatocellular carcinoma were divided into a control group and 3 dosage groups according to the dosing levels of 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3. The tumour volume was measured by MR imaging. Before-after comparison showed that the anti-proliferative effects of 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 were significant in three treatment groups.
CONCLUSIONS:
20(R)-Ginsenoside Rg3 can noticeably inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells, and efficaciously induce the apoptosis and facilitate necrosis of the tumor cells, and there appears to be a dose dependent effect.
