Saikogenin D
Saikogenin D possesses a dual effect: an inhibition of A23187-induced PGE2 production without a direct inhibition of cyclooxygenase activity; and an elevation of [Ca2+]i that is attributed to Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. Saikogenin D has immunomodulatory effect, it can attenuate IL-6 production in LPS-stimulated alveolar macrophages of B6 more than in that of BALB.
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24 months(2-8C).
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Planta Medica, 2003, 69(8):765.
Dual effect of saikogenin D: in vitro inhibition of prostaglandin E2 production and elevation of intracellular free Ca2+ concentration in C6 rat glioma cells.[Pubmed:
14531029]
To clarify the pharmacological profile of Saikogenin D, we examined the effect of Saikogenin D on prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production and intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in C6 rat glioma cells.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Saikogenin D (1-20 microM) inhibited PGE2 production induced by the Ca2+ ionophore A23187 in a concentration-dependent manner with the IC50 of about 3 microM. Saikogenin D did not affect the conversion of arachidonic acid into PGE2 in microsomal preparations. On the other hand, Saikogenin D elevated [Ca2+]i in a concentration-dependent manner (10-100 microM) with the EC50 value of about 35 microM in the presence or absence of extracellular Ca2+.
CONCLUSIONS:
These results suggest that Saikogenin D possesses a dual effect: an inhibition of A23187-induced PGE2 production without a direct inhibition of cyclooxygenase activity; and an elevation of [Ca2+]i that is attributed to Ca2+ release from intracellular stores.
International Immunopharmacology, 2002, 2(2–3):357-366.
The herbal medicine Shosaiko-to exerts different modulating effects on lung local immune responses among mouse strains[Pubmed:
11811938]
Shosaiko-to (SST), a Chinese/Japanese traditional herbal medicine, has recently been demonstrated to increase lung interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and to ameliorate pulmonary disorders in BALB/c mice (BALB).
METHODS AND RESULTS:
In the present study, we examined the effects of SST on lung cytokine levels and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung injury in C57BL/6 mice (B6), which are known to show different immune responses from BALB due to the difference in genetic backgrounds. In B6, in contrast with BALB, SST decreased lung IL-6 levels and exacerbated LPS-induced lung injury. Investigation of the active components of SST suggested that multiple ingredients were supposed to be responsible for IL-6-attenuating activity in vivo. Further, we examined the effect of metabolites of major ingredients of SST on IL-6 production from lung immune cells in vitro. Saikogenin D and oroxylin A attenuated IL-6 production in LPS-stimulated alveolar macrophages of B6 more than in that of BALB. Liquiritigenin, which was previously reported to enhance IL-6 production in anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody-stimulated lung mononuclear cells of BALB, showed no effect on that of B6.
CONCLUSIONS:
These findings suggest that SST may have different, possibly even opposite, effects on lung immunity in hosts with different genetic backgrounds.