Schaftoside

J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2013 Aug 1;932:66-73.

Simultaneous determination of four flavonoids and one phenolic acid in rat plasma by LC-MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of the Herba Desmodii Styracifolii extract[Pubmed: 23831698]

METHODS AND RESULTS:
A sensitive and selective liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of four flavonoids (Schaftoside, isovitexin, luteolin, and apigenin) and one phenolic acid (ferulic acid) in rat plasma using sulfamethoxazole as the internal standard (IS). The separation was performed using a Diamonsil C18 column, which was eluted with methanol (A) and 0.1‰ acetic acid (B). The gradient condition was as follows: 0-5min, 40-60% A; 5-6min, 60-95% A; and 6-10min, maintained at 95% A. The analytes were detected using a hybrid quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometer that was equipped with an electrospray ionization source in the negative ion and multiple-reaction monitoring modes. A full validation of the method was performed. The linearity of the analytical response was good, with correlation coefficients greater than 0.9925 for all of the compounds within the concentration range. The lower limits of quantitation (LLOQ) of Schaftoside, isovitexin, luteolin, apigenin, and ferulic acid in rat plasma were 1.66, 0.84, 3.69, 1.70, and 3.91ng/mL, respectively. The intra-day and inter-day precisions of the investigated components exhibited an RSD within 13.20%, and the accuracy (RE%) ranged from -8.47% to 10.90%.
CONCLUSIONS:
The results indicated that the developed method is sufficiently reliable for the pharmacokinetic study of Schaftoside, isovitexin, apigenin, luteolin, and ferulic acid in rats following oral administration of the Herba Desmodii Styracifolii extract.

Zuckerindustrie Sugar Industry, 2015, 140(10):632-639.

An HPLC-DPPH method for antioxidant activity from sugarcane molasses.[Reference: WebLink]

Sugarcane molasses is potentially rich in health-promoting phenolic compounds. Present study was designed to optimize experimental conditions for ultrasonic-assisted extraction of antioxidant compounds from sugarcane molasses using response surface methodology.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
An HPLCDPPH method for simultaneous determination of antioxidant activity was also developed. Ethanol concentration 80-84% (v/v), temperature 58-59 degrees C, and 47-50 min time duration were the most favorable conditions. In these conditions, the optimal experimental results were total phenolic content 18 mg gallic acid equivalents/g, with DPPH free radical scavenging ability of 92%, which was same as the predicted values by RSM model. Catechin, vanillic acid, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside, eugenol, Schaftoside, diosmetin-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, ferulic acid, and caffeoylquinic acid were identified using HPLC-MS/MS. Among the antioxidant compounds, Schaftoside was the most abundant antioxidant (92.081 mu g/g dry substance), while ferulic acid exhibited the highest antioxidant activity.
CONCLUSIONS:
These results suggest that HPLC-DPPH method is more specific, accurate and less time consuming and can sever as a quality control tool.

J Pharmacol Sci . 2019 Jan;139(1):15-22.

Schaftoside ameliorates oxygen glucose deprivation-induced inflammation associated with the TLR4/Myd88/Drp1-related mitochondrial fission in BV2 microglia cells[Pubmed: 30528467]

Abstract Background: Neuroinflammation plays a major role in the development of ischemic stroke, and regulation of the proinflammatory TLR4 signaling pathway in microglia stands to be a promising therapeutic strategy for stroke intervention. Recently, the homeostasis of mitochondrial dynamics has also been raised as a vital component in maintaining neuronal health, but its relevance in microglia hasn't been investigated. Schaftoside, a natural flavonoid compound and a promising treatment for inflammation, has demonstrated potency against LPS-induced lung inflammation in mice; however, its action on TLR4-induced neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dynamics in microglia is still unknown. Methods: The effects of Schaftoside in regulating inflammation and mitochondrial dynamics were investigated in vitro in oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD)-stimulated BV2 microglia cells. Results: Schaftoside inhibited mRNA and protein expressions of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6) after 4 h in OGD-stimulated BV2 microglia cells, similar to the effect of TAK242, an inhibitor of TLR4. TLR4/Myd88 signaling pathway was effectively suppressed by Schaftoside. In addition, both Schaftoside and TAK242 treatments significantly decreased Drp1 expression, phosphorylation, translocation and mitochondrial fission in OGD-stimulated BV2 cells. Conclusions: Our study suggested that Schaftoside was able to reduce neuroinflammation, which is mediated in part by reducing TLR4/Myd88/Drp1-related mitochondrial fission in BV2 microglia cells.

Food Chem. 2016 Oct 1;208:89-96.

Flour from Prosopis alba cotyledons: A natural source of nutrient and bioactive phytochemicals.[Pubmed: 27132827 ]

The Prosopis alba seed is a waste material in the process to produce pod flour. To suggest a potential use of these seeds it is necessary to determine the nutritional, phytochemical and functional quality of cotyledon flour from Prosopis alba.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
This flour showed high level of proteins (62%), low content of total carbohydrate and fat. Free polyphenol (1150±20mg GAE/100g flour) and carotenoids (10.55±0.05mg β-CE/100g flour) compounds were the dominant compounds. The main identified constituents in the polyphenolic extracts were C- glycosyl flavones, including Schaftoside, isoSchaftoside, vicenin II, vitexin and isovitexin. The extract enriched in polyphenolic compounds exhibited ABTS(+) reducing capacity and scavenging activity of H2O2; and was able to inhibit phospholipase, lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase, three pro-inflammatory enzymes.
CONCLUSIONS:
According to our results, the P. alba cotyledon flour could be considered as a new alternative in the formulation of functional foods or food supplements.