Morolic acid
Morolic acid and moronic acid have shown sustained antidiabetic and antihyperglycemic action possibly mediated by an insulin sensitization with consequent changes of glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides, in part mediated by inhibition of 11β-HSD 1. Morolic acid exhibits pronounced radical scavenging activity against the stable 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical and is a potent inhibitor of neutrophil elastase and cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 in vitro.
Morolic acid has anti- inflammatory activity, it can inhibit leukotriene B4 production in rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes stimulated with calcium ionophore A 23187. Morolic acid exhibits promising anti-HIV activity, it also exhibits moderate inhibitory activity against glycogen phosphorylase.
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Providing storage is as stated on the product vial and the vial is kept tightly sealed, the product can be stored for up to
24 months(2-8C).
Wherever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20C. Generally, these will be useable for up to two weeks. Before use, and prior to opening the vial we recommend that you allow your product to equilibrate to room temperature for at least 1 hour.
Need more advice on solubility, usage and handling? Please email to: service@chemfaces.com
The packaging of the product may have turned upside down during transportation, resulting in the natural compounds adhering to the neck or cap of the vial. take the vial out of its packaging and gently shake to let the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial. for liquid products, centrifuge at 200-500 RPM to gather the liquid at the bottom of the vial. try to avoid loss or contamination during handling.
Nutrients.2018, 11(1):E17
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Medicina (Kaunas).2020, 56(12):685.
Phytother Res.2022, 10.1002:ptr.7602.
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Life Sci.2018, 209:498-506
Advances in Traditional Medicine 2021, 21:779-789.
Phytother Res.2019, 33(4):1104-1113
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med.2018, 2018:8565132
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J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Sep 25;50(20):5533-8.
Constituents in evening primrose oil with radical scavenging, cyclooxygenase, and neutrophil elastase inhibitory activities.[Pubmed:
12236675]
Cold-pressed, non-raffinated evening primrose oil was found to contain lipophilic radical scavengers.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
A highly enriched fraction of these compounds could be obtained from the oil by extraction with aqueous ethanol and subsequent liquid-liquid partitioning with petroleum. LC-DAD-MS analysis revealed that the fraction contained three aromatic compounds with identical UV and ESI-MS spectra. The compounds were isolated by RP-HPLC and their structures established by chemical and spectroscopic means as 3-O-trans-caffeoyl derivatives of betulinic, morolic, and oleanolic acid. The Morolic acid derivative was a new compound.
CONCLUSIONS:
The three esters exhibited pronounced radical scavenging activity against the stable 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical and were potent inhibitors of neutrophil elastase and cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 in vitro. Commercial samples of evening primrose oils contained only traces of these lipophilic antioxidants.
Planta Med. 2002 Apr;68(4):311-5.
Anti-inflammatory triterpenes from Pistacia terebinthus galls.[Pubmed:
11988853 ]
From the galls of Pistacia terebinthus we obtained an extract that proved to be effective against chronic and acute inflammation.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Now we report on the isolation and identification of three triterpenes: two tirucallane-type lanostanoids and one oleanane, which we have identified as masticadienonic acid (1), masticadienolic acid (2), and Morolic acid (3), respectively.
CONCLUSIONS:
All of them showed effectiveness on the mouse ear inflammation induced by repeated applications of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate and on the phospholipase A2-induced foot paw edema.
The pharmacological activity of the compounds was ratified by a histological study of the ear samples. In addition, they inhibited leukotriene B4 production in rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes stimulated with calcium ionophore A 23187.
Phytomedicine. 2013 May 15;20(7):571-6.
Antihyperglycemic and sub-chronic antidiabetic actions of morolic and moronic acids, in vitro and in silico inhibition of 11β-HSD 1.[Pubmed:
23453304 ]
Morolic acid(1) and moronic acid(2) are the main constituents of acetonic extract from Phoradendron reichenbachianum (Loranthaceae), a medicinal plant used in Mexico for the treatment of diabetes.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
The aim of the current study was to establish the sub-acute antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of compounds 1 and 2 over non insulin-dependent diabetic rat model. Also, to determine the antihyperglycemic action on normoglycemic rats by oral glucose tolerance test. Daily-administered Morolic acid(1) and moronic acid (2)(50 mg/kg) significantly lowered the blood glucose levels at 60% since first day until tenth day after treatment than untreated group (p<0.05). Moreover, analyzed blood samples obtained from diabetic rats indicated that both compounds diminished plasmatic concentration of cholesterol (CHO) and triglycerides (TG), returning them to normal levels (p<0.05). Also, pretreatment with 50 mg/kg of each compound induced significant antihyperglycemic effect after glucose and sucrose loading (2 g/kg) compared with control group (p<0.05). In vitro studies showed that compounds 1 and 2 induced inhibition of 11β-HSD 1 activity at 10 μM. However, in silico analysis of the pentaclyclic triterpenic acids on 11β-HSD 1 revealed that all compounds had high docking scores and important interactions with the catalytic site allowing them to inhibit 11β-HSD 1 enzyme.
CONCLUSIONS:
In conclusion, Morolic acid and moronic acid have shown sustained antidiabetic and antihyperglycemic action possibly mediated by an insulin sensitization with consequent changes of glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides, in part mediated by inhibition of 11β-HSD 1 as indicated by in vitro and in silico studies.
Zhong Yao Cai. 2015 Jun;38(6):1209-11.
Chemical Constituents From Rhus chinensis Fruit Dregs.[Pubmed:
26762062]
To isolate and elucidate the constituents from the fruit dregs of Rhus chinensis.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
The constituents were isolated and purified by chromatography on silica gel,Sephadex LH-20, RP-C18 gel and recrystallization. The structures were elucidated on the basis of the chemical evidence and spectroscopic data.
Ten compounds were obtained: β-sitosterol (1), Morolic acid (2), (2S) -1-O-heptatriacontanoyl glycerol (3), α-monpalmitin (4), palmitic acid (5), gallic acid (6), methyl gallate (7), ethyl gallate (8), propyl gallate (9), and protocatechuic acid (10).
CONCLUSIONS:
Compounds 3, 4 and 9 are isolated from the plants of Rhus genus for the first time.
Tetrahedron, 2009, 65(22):4304-4309.
Efficient synthesis of morolic acid and related triterpenes starting from betulin.[Reference:
WebLink]
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Morolic acid (1) is a naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpene whose derivatives exhibit promising anti-HIV and other biological activities. An efficient synthesis of 1 has been accomplished in 11 steps with a total yield of 24% starting from betulin. Some related natural triterpenes including moradiol (4), acridocarpusic acid D (5), acridocarpusic acid E (6), and moronic aldehyde (7) have also been synthesized.
CONCLUSIONS:
Biological assay results showed that 1, 5, and 6 exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against glycogen phosphorylase.
