GB 2a
GB 2a shows antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, it can prevent the carrageenan-induced paw oedema. GB 2a biflavonoid can promote inhibition on tyrosinase activity and reduced melanin biosynthesis in B16F10 cells, which suggests great potential for medical and cosmetic uses as a depigmenting agent.
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Providing storage is as stated on the product vial and the vial is kept tightly sealed, the product can be stored for up to
24 months(2-8C).
Wherever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20C. Generally, these will be useable for up to two weeks. Before use, and prior to opening the vial we recommend that you allow your product to equilibrate to room temperature for at least 1 hour.
Need more advice on solubility, usage and handling? Please email to: service@chemfaces.com
The packaging of the product may have turned upside down during transportation, resulting in the natural compounds adhering to the neck or cap of the vial. take the vial out of its packaging and gently shake to let the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial. for liquid products, centrifuge at 200-500 RPM to gather the liquid at the bottom of the vial. try to avoid loss or contamination during handling.
Agronomy2023, 13(9), 2410.
Processes2021, 9(1), 153.
J Nat Prod.2019, 82(4):1002-1008
Journal of Medicinal Food2023, Vol.26(10).
Appl. Sci.2023, 13(2), 860.
Mol Microbiol.2019, 112(1):317-332
Molecules.2019, 24(11):E2044
Phytother Res.2022, 10.1002:ptr.7602.
Acta horticulturae2017, 1158:257-268
Molecules.2023, 28(16):6025.
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Food Chem. 2017 May 1;222:35-42.
Polyphenols from Allanblackia floribunda seeds: Identification, quantification and antioxidant activity.[Pubmed:
28041556 ]
Oil rich seeds of Allanblackia floribunda, a tree from tropical Africa, have traditionally been used in food preparation. Furthermore, the therapeutic properties of various parts of this tree have long been exploited in traditional medicine. As both food and pharmaceutical industries show growing interest in tropical tree crops, this study aimed to investigate whether A. floribunda seeds could also be used as a source of potentially bioactive compounds.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
The polyphenol profile revealed six predominant compounds which were identified by HPLC-PDA-ESI/MSn as the biflavonoids morelloflavone, GB 2a and volkensiflavone and their respective glucosides. A range of less abundant flavones, flavonols and flavan-3-ols was also detected.
CONCLUSIONS:
All six major compounds showed antioxidant activity, with the activity of morelloflavone, its glucoside and GB 2a-glucoside comparable with that of ascorbic acid.
The main compounds accounted for approximately 10% of dry weight, making the seeds used for oil production a rich source of biflavonoids as a by-product.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2008 Aug 13;118(3):405-11.
Anti-inflammatory effects of hydroalcoholic extract and two biflavonoids from Garcinia gardneriana leaves in mouse paw oedema.[Pubmed:
18555627 ]
Garcinia gardneriana (Planch. & Triana) Zappi (Clusiaceae) is widely distributed in Brazil and used in folk medicine to treat inflammation, pain, and urinary tract and other infections. However, very few studies have analyzed these therapeutic effects.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
In this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of the hydroalcoholic extracts from Garcinia gardneriana (HEGG) and some of its isolated biflavonoids were evaluated. The results showed that HEGG from the leaves, bark and seeds reduced carrageenan-induced mouse paw inflammation, in addition to diminishing the myeloperoxidase activity in the stimulated tissues. The reduction of neutrophil infiltration by treatment with the HEGG from leaves was confirmed by histology. The leaf extract also reduced the paw oedema evoked by bradykinin, histamine, prostaglandin E2 and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol acetate. However, it partially decreased substance P and compound 48/80-caused paw oedema, without any influence on the arachidonic acid-induced oedema. Both of the isolated compounds, fukugetin and GB 2a, prevented the carrageenan-induced paw oedema.
CONCLUSIONS:
In conclusion, this study showed important anti-inflammatory effects of HEGG through its interaction with different intracellular signaling pathways, without interfering with the formation of arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites. These characteristics, in addition to the wide distribution and culturing ease of the plant, confirm its popular use and highlight its promise in the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2015 Nov 4;174:224-9.
Inhibitory effect of GB-2a (I3-naringenin-II8-eriodictyol) on melanogenesis.[Pubmed:
26297636 ]
The effects of GB 2a were evaluated through determination of melanin biosynthesis in B16F10 melanoma cells in comparison with the reference drug kojic acid (500μM). In parallel, the GB 2a effect was assessed in a cell viability assay. Mushroom tyrosinase activity assays were conducted to verify the effect of this enzyme.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
In order to ascertain the nature of enzyme inhibition on tyrosinase, kinetics analysis of the GB 2a was performed with L-tyrosine and L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) substrates. The results showed that GB 2a biflavonoid significantly inhibited the melanin content, without reducing cell viability. GB 2a also showed a strong antityrosinase activity in the mushroom tyrosinase assay. GB 2a inhibited the tyrosinase activity, exerting a mixed inhibition. For the L-tyrosine substrate the inhibition was in non-competitive mode and for L-DOPA it was in uncompetitive mode.
CONCLUSIONS:
GB 2a biflavonoid promoted inhibition on tyrosinase activity and reduced melanin biosynthesis in B16F10 cells, which suggests great potential for medical and cosmetic uses as a depigmenting agent.
J Agric Food Chem. 2017 Sep 27;65(38):8348-8355.
Using Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography Quadrupole Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry-Based Chemometrics for the Identification of Anti-angiogenic Biflavonoids from Edible Garcinia Species.[Pubmed:
28926234]
Garcinia xanthochymus fruits are edible and also used in traditional medicine. Our previous work showed that the isolated natural products from G. xanthochymus fruits have displayed antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity in the colon cancer cells.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
In this study, we developed a strategy to correlate a zebrafish angiogenesis assay with ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry-based chemometric analysis to identify potential anti-angiogenic activity compounds from G. xanthochymus fruits. Primary bioactivity results showed that the methanolic extracts from aril and pericarp but not from seed have significant inhibitory effects on the growth of subintestinal vessels (SIVs) in zebrafish embryos. A total of 13 markers, including benzophenones and biflavonoids, were predicted by untargeted principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminate analysis, which were tentatively identified as priority markers for the bioactivity related in aril and pericarp. Amentoflavone, a biflavonoid, has been found to significantly inhibit the growth of SIVs at 10 and 20 μM and downregulate the expressions of Angpt2 and Tie2 genes of zebrafish embryos. Furthermore, seven biflavonoids, volkensiflavone, fukugetin, fukugeside, GB 1a, GB 1a glucoside, GB 2a, and GB 2a glucoside, isolated from Garcinia species were evaluated for their structure-activity relationship using the zebrafish model. Only fukugetin, which was previously shown to be anticancer, was active in inhibiting the SIV growth.
CONCLUSIONS:
In this report, both amentoflavone and fukugetin, for the first time, displayed anti-angiogenic effects on zebrafish, thus demonstrating an effective and rapid strategy to identify natural products for anti-angiogenesis activity.
