Erysotrine

Nat Prod Res. 2012;26(17):1565-75.

Anti-HIV-1 and cytotoxicity of the alkaloids of Erythrina abyssinica Lam. growing in Sudan.[Pubmed: 21936641]

Erythrina abyssinica Lam. is an important medicinal plant growing in Sudan; its seeds were investigated for the first time for their alkaloidal constituents and biological activity.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
The in vitro cytotoxicity of the crude alkaloidal fraction (CAF) against the cell lines HeLa, Hep-G2, HEP-2, HCT116, MCF-7 and HFB4 showed promising activity, with IC₅₀ values of 13.8, 10.1, 8.16, 13.9, 11.4 and 12.2 µg mL⁻¹, respectively. Doxorubicin (positive control) showed in vitro cytotoxic activity with IC₅₀ values 3.64, 4.57, 4.89, 3.74, 2.97 and 3.96 µg mL⁻¹, respectively. Bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation of the CAF led to the isolation of five Erythrina alkaloids, identified as erythraline, erysodine, Erysotrine, 8-oxoerythraline and 11-methoxyerysodine. These were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic activity against Hep-G2 which resulted in IC₅₀ values 17.60, 11.80, 15.80, 3.89 and 11.40 µg mL⁻¹, respectively. Furthermore, in vitro cytotoxic activity against HEP-2 was evaluated, which resulted in IC₅₀ values 15.90, 19.90, 21.60, 18.50 and 11.50 µg mL⁻¹, respectively. The CAF caused a reduction in the viability of mock-infected MT-4 cells with a CC₅₀ of 53 µM and a 50% protection of MT-4 cells against HIV-1 induced cytopathogeneticy with a EC₅₀ of >53 µM, compared with EFV as a positive control, which had a CC₅₀ of 45 µM and an EC₅₀ of 0.003 µM.
CONCLUSIONS:
We concluded that the isolated alkaloids were responsible for the anti-carcinogenic [corrected] actions of the plant extract previously reported in the literature..

Records of Natural Products,2009, 3(2):96-103.

Antifeedant activities of the erythrinaline alkaloids from Erythrina latissima against Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera noctuidae).[Reference: WebLink]

METHODS AND RESULTS:
The antifeedant activities of the Erythrina alkaloids from the seeds, seed pods and flowers ofErythrina latissima were investigated in laboratory dual- choice bioassays using third-instar Spodoptera littoralis(Boisduval) larvae. The new compound (+)-11-methoxy-10-oxoerysotramidine (1) from the flowers, showedpotent dose dependant activity at concentration ≥ 500 ppm while (+)-10,11-dioxoerysotramidine (2) also newfrom the flowers showed potent dose dependant activity at concentration ≥100 ppm. Three known compounds(+)-Erysotrine, (+)-erysotramidine, (+)-erythraline, (+)-11-hydroxyerysotramidine showed potent dosedependant antifeedant activity at concentrations ≥100 ppm while (+)-10,11-dioxoErysotrine and (+)-11b-hydroxyerysotramidine also a known compounds showed potent dose dependant antifeedant activity atconcentrations ≥300 ppm.
CONCLUSIONS:
Three known compounds (+)-11-methoxyerysotramidine, (+)-8-oxoerythralineand (+)-15(16)b-D-glucoerysodine showed no appreciable change in antifeedant activity with concentrationchange.

Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2009 Jan 1;19(1):234-6.

TRAIL-enhancing activity of Erythrinan alkaloids from Erythrina velutina.[Pubmed: 19026536 ]

METHODS AND RESULTS:
A new Erythrinan alkaloid (1), erythodine N-oxide, was isolated from the seeds of Erythrina velutina together with seven known Erythrinan alkaloids (2-7, 9) and an indole alkaloid (8). The structure of new compound (1) was elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Six of the nine compounds showed enhanced activity when combined with tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL).
CONCLUSIONS:
Erysotrine (4) did not show cytotoxic activity by itself, but exhibited significant cytotoxicity when combined with TRAIL.