Enmein
Enmein shows significant inhibitory effect toward human tumor cell K562 with IC(50) values ranging from 3.2 microg/ml to 8.2 microg/ml, it shows antitumour activity against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and is active against gram-positive bacteria. Enmein has distinct immunosuppressive effect in vitro and in vivo systems, it depresses the murine ear swelling extent and the level of Interleukin-2 in blood serum in a dose-dependent manner.
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Providing storage is as stated on the product vial and the vial is kept tightly sealed, the product can be stored for up to
24 months(2-8C).
Wherever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20C. Generally, these will be useable for up to two weeks. Before use, and prior to opening the vial we recommend that you allow your product to equilibrate to room temperature for at least 1 hour.
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The packaging of the product may have turned upside down during transportation, resulting in the natural compounds adhering to the neck or cap of the vial. take the vial out of its packaging and gently shake to let the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial. for liquid products, centrifuge at 200-500 RPM to gather the liquid at the bottom of the vial. try to avoid loss or contamination during handling.
Korean J. Medicinal Crop Sci.2018, 26(2):148-156
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med.2021, 2021:8850744.
PLoS One.2020, 15(2):e0220084.
Vietnam Journal of Food Control.2022, 5(3):pp.488-497.
Universidade Estadual Paulista2017, 42785
Planta Med.2019, 85(3):217-224
J Colloid Interface Sci.2024, 662:760-773.
Chem Biodivers.2023, 20(10):e202300741.
Curr Issues Mol Biol.2022, 44(10):5106-5116.
Sci Rep.2023, 13(1):14594.
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Planta Med. 2002 Oct;68(10):921-5.
Cytotoxic ent-kaurane diterpenoids from Isodon sculponeata.[Pubmed:
12391557]
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Four new ent-kaurane diterpenoids, sculponeatins F-I (1-4), together with six known compounds, sculponeatin E (5), epi-nodosin (6), epi-nodosinol (7), Enmein (8), and macrocalyxoformins A and B (9 and 10), were isolated from the leaves of Isodon sculponeata. Also obtained were ursolic acid, 2alpha,3beta-dihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid, 2alpha,3beta,19alpha-trihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid, beta-sitosterol, daucosterol, quercetin, pedalitin, rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid and ethyl caffeic acid. Their structures were determined by spectral methods (1D-, 2D-NMR and MS). Some diterpenoids were tested for their cytotoxicity to inhibit three kinds of human tumor cells K562, A549 and T24.
CONCLUSIONS:
Compounds 3, 4, 6, 8, and 10 showed significant inhibitory effect toward K562 with IC(50) values ranging from 3.2 microg/ml to 8.2 microg/ml, while 3 and 6 exhibited potent antitumor activity against T24, but none exhibited cytotoxicity toward the cells of A549.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2005 Dec;5(13-14):1957-65.
Distinct immunosuppressive effect by Isodon serra extracts.[Pubmed:
16275630 ]
Distinct effect of ent-Kaurene Diterpenoids from Isodon serra on abnormal proliferation of murine lymphocytes was examined with MTT assay and Flow Cytometry Analyses (FCAS).
METHODS AND RESULTS:
After choosing the most appropriate monomer from these Diterpenoids, we introduced mouse tumescence model to investigate whether it could impact cytokine production in vivo with ELISA assay. The result of MTT assay showed that four ent-Kaurene Diterpenoids could effectively suppress the murine splenic T lymphocytes overproduction stimulated by Concanavalin A, while inhibitive effect was softer on normal sleep lymphocytes than the stimulated ones. Among four ent-Kaurene Diterpenoids, Enmein was the most sensitive one with IC50/EC50 equaling to 1.55. This inhibitive activity was due to interfering DNA replication in G1-S stage and to regulating cell cycle according to flow cytometry analyses (FCAS) result. Xylene-induced mouse tumescence model result further suggested that Enmein depressed the murine ear swelling extent and the level of Interleukin-2 in blood serum in a dose-dependent manner.
CONCLUSIONS:
In conclusion, it demonstrated that four ent-Kaurene Diterpenoids from I. serra had distinct immunosuppressive effect in vitro and in vivo systems, which primarily differentiated Enmein from the others. The experimental results provided insight into a potential immunosuppressive action of Enmein as a promising drug, though profound mechanism remained to be further studied.
Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 1976 Sep;24(9):2118-27.
The Antitumor and Antibacterial Activity of the Isodon Diterpenoids[Reference:
WebLink]
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Oridonin (1), lasiokaurin (2), Enmein (8), and Enmein-3-acetate (9) and related compounds (3 and 10,) all of which have α-methylene cyclopentanone function in their molecule, have been shown to have antitumor activity against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma inoculated into mice. These compounds have also indicated specific activity against gram-positive bacteria. On the other hand, oridonin dihydro-derivative (4), compound (5), trichokaurin (6), and dihydroEnmein (11) show any activity against neither tumor nor bacteria.
CONCLUSIONS:
Thus, it is concluded that the α-methylene-cyclopentanone system must be an important active center. Biomimetic reactions of oridonin and Enmein with several thiols etc. support this conclusion.
Tetrahedron.1966;22(5):1659–1699.
Constitution and stereochemistry of enmein, a diterpene from isodon trichocarpus kudo.[Reference:
WebLink]
METHODS AND RESULTS:
The total structure of Enmein, a diterpene, isolated from Isodon trichocarpus Kudo has been established as shown in the formula If.
