Cirsimarin

Fitoterapia. 2011 Mar;82(2):168-72.

Flavonoid glycosides from Microtea debilis and their cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory effects.[Pubmed: 20804824 ]

METHODS AND RESULTS:
Two new 5-O-glucosylflavones, 5-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl cirsimaritin (1) and 5, 4'-O-β-D-diglucopyranosyl cirsimaritin (2), four known flavonoids, Cirsimarin (3), cirsimaritin (4), salvigenin (5), 4', 5-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone (6), and a norisoprenoid, vomifoliol (7), have been isolated from the aerial parts of Microtea debilis. All isolates were tested for cytotoxicity in human cancer cell lines (Hep G2, COLO 205, and HL-60) and anti-inflammatory activities in LPS-treated RAW264.7 macrophages.
CONCLUSIONS:
Compound 6 was found to be a potent inhibitor to nitrite production in macrophages. Compounds 2, 4, 6, and 7 showed moderate anti-proliferative activity against COLO-205 cells with IC(50) values of 7.1, 13.1, 6.1, and 6.8 μM, respectively.

Int J Obes (Lond). 2010 Nov;34(11):1566-75.

Cirsimarin, a potent antilipogenic flavonoid, decreases fat deposition in mice intra-abdominal adipose tissue.[Pubmed: 20458325 ]

We previously reported that the flavonoid Cirsimarin exerts in vitro a strong lipolytic activity on isolated adipocytes. This study was therefore designed to evaluate in vivo the effects of Cirsimarin on white adipose tissue (WAT) accretion in mice.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Male CD1 mice were injected daily with either vehicle (intraperitoneal (i.p.)) or Cirsimarin (25 or 50 mg  kg(-1) per day, i.p.) for 18 days. Mice were killed and fat pads weighted. Epididymal fat pads were used for cellularity measurement. Effects of Cirsimarin treatment on lipolysis and lipogenesis in WAT were assessed. Mice treated with 25 or 50 mg  kg(-1) per day Cirsimarin showed a decrease in retroperitoneal (-29 and -37% respectively, P<0.005) and epididymal (-25 and -28% respectively, P<0.005) fat pad weights compared with controls. This effect was restricted to intra-abdominal WAT as no difference was noticed for subcutaneous inguinal WAT. The decrease in intra-abdominal WAT accretion was due to a decrease in adipose cell diameter (-5 and -8% for 25 and 50 mg  kg(-1) per day Cirsimarin, respectively) resulting in a 14 and 35% decrease in adipose cell volume while no change was noticed in total adipocyte number. Direct injection of Cirsimarin (50 mg  kg(-1)) to rats did not trigger lipolysis. In contrast, Cirsimarin showed in vivo as well as in vitro a strong antilipogenic activity, which may be the critical aspect of its effects on fat accretion in mice. The inhibitory concentration 50% of Cirsimarin on lipogenic activity in isolated adipocytes was found to be 1.28±0.04 μM. Cirsimarin given orally reduced intra-abdominal fat accretion in mice.
CONCLUSIONS:
Cirsimarin exerts potent antilipogenic effect and decreases adipose tissue deposition in mice. Cirsimarin could therefore be a potential candidate for the treatment of obesity.

Arch Pharm Res. 2008 Jan;31(1):28-33.

Comparative antioxidant activity and HPLC profiles of some selected Korean thistles.[Pubmed: 18277604]

As yet, no comparative analyses have been conducted regarding the comparative antioxidant activities and HPLC profiles of thistles distributed in Korea. Thus, this study was performed in order to evaluate the antioxidant potentials of seven Korean thistles: Cirsium lineare, Cirsium chanroenicum, Cirsium setidens, Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense, Cirsium nipponicum, Cirslum pendulum and Carduus crispus, via peroxynitrite and DPPH free radical assays.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Among seven Korean thistles, Carduus crispus exhibited the most significant antioxidant activity in both DPPH assay and peroxynitrite. In order to characterize the compounds contained in Korean thistles, we conducted HPLC analyses on the following ten flavonoids: luteolin-5-glucoside (1), luteolin-7-glucoside (2), apigenin-7-glucoside (3), hispidulin-7-neohesperidoside (4), apigenin-7-glucuronide (5), Cirsimarin (6), pectolinarin (7), luteolin (8), apigenin (9) and acacetin (10).
CONCLUSIONS:
The results of our HPLC analyses indicated the presence of pectolinarin in the whole plants of C. setidens, C. lineare, C. nipponicum, C. pendulum, the aerial and underground parts of C. japonicum var. ussuriense, and the aerial parts of C. chanroenicum. Moreover, we were able to identify hispidulin-7-neohesperidoside and luteolin-7-glucoside in the whole plants of Carduus crispus, acacetin in the aerial parts of C. chanroenicum, Cirsimarin in C. lineare.