Bornyl acetate

J Surg Res. 2014 Jan;186(1):436-45.

Inhibition of lung inflammatory responses by bornyl acetate is correlated with regulation of myeloperoxidase activity.[Pubmed: 24120240]

Bornyl acetate is a bicyclic monoterpene present in numerous conifer oils. In this study, we aimed at clarifying the potential anti-inflammatory function and mechanism of Bornyl acetate by using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury murine model and RAW 264.7 cells.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
RAW 264.7 cells were pretreated with Bornyl acetate 1 h before LPS stimulation and cell-free super supernatants were collected to measure cytokine concentrations. To induce acute lung injury, BALB/c mice were injected intranasally with LPS and treated with Bornyl acetate 1 h before LPS stimulation. Seven hours after administration, the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected for measuring the cell count and cytokine production. We collected lungs for assaying wet-to-dry weight ratio, myeloperoxidase activity, and histologic changes. The extent of phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and nuclear factor κB was detected by Western blot. Our results showed that Bornyl acetate downregulated the levels of proinflammatory cytokines in vitro and in vivo; reduced the number of total cells, neutrophils, and macrophages in BALF; attenuated the histologic alterations in the lung; decreased the wet-to-dry weight ratio in BALF; and suppressed NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha, extracellular regulated protein kinases, c-JunN-terminal kinase, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation.
CONCLUSIONS:
These findings suggested that Bornyl acetate may be developed as a preventive agent for lung inflammatory diseases.

Int J Cosmet Sci. 2013 Oct;35(5):484-90.

Whitening and antioxidant activities of bornyl acetate and nezukol fractionated from Cryptomeria japonica essential oil.[Pubmed: 23714012 ]

The aim of this study was to investigate the whitening and antioxidant activities of essential oils from Cryptomeria japonica by determining their tyrosinase inhibition, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activities.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Essential oils of C. japonica leaves were extracted with distilled water, and after condensation of volatile constituents, the condensates were extracted with ethyl acetate. Crude essential oils of C. japonica were divided into six fractions by thin layer chromatography and open column chromatography, and their chemical analysis was performed by GC/MS. Major compounds of fractions were composed of kaurene, Bornyl acetate, nezukol, (-)-4-terpineol, δ-cadinene, α-terpineol, γ-eudesmol, α-eudesmol and elemol. For tyrosinase inhibitory activity using two substrates, l-tyrosine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA), kaurene, Bornyl acetate and nezukol were highly effective. In antioxidant activity, (-)-4-terpinenol and δ-cadinene showed high DPPH radical scavenging activity, and Bornyl acetate and nezukol indicated extremely high SOD-like activity.
CONCLUSIONS:
Therefore, Bornyl acetate and nezukol fractionated from C. japonica essential oil, which showed highly active whitening and antioxidant activities, have potential applications in cosmeceutical materials.

IUBMB Life. 2014 Dec;66(12):854-9.

Bornyl acetate has an anti-inflammatory effect in human chondrocytes via induction of IL-11.[Pubmed: 25545915 ]

Both pro-inflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory cytokines generated by chondrocytes play essential roles in the process of Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis (OA). Bornyl acetate is the main volatile constituent in numerous conifer oils and some Chinese traditional herbs, which has displayed an anti-inflammatory effect before.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
In this study, we found that Bornyl acetate elevates the expression of IL-11 at both the mRNA and protein levels. Interestingly, our results indicated that IL-1β-mediated up-regulation of IL-6, IL-8, MMP-1, and MMP-13 was significantly compromised by IL-11 co-treatment on mRNA levels and protein levels. The antagonistic effects of Bornyl acetate on IL-1β induced targets MMP-1 and MMP-13 were diminished by IL-11 knockdown. Mechanistically, our results indicated that Bornyl acetate significantly elevates the expression of AP-1 component c-fos, which may influence gross AP-1 activity and initial the transcription of IL-11. Indeed, expression of IL-11 was reversed upon c-fos knockdown.
CONCLUSIONS:
Our results suggest the therapeutic potentials of Bornyl acetate in patients with OA.

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:745262.

Quercetin and Bornyl Acetate Regulate T-Lymphocyte Subsets and INF-γ/IL-4 Ratio In Utero in Pregnant Mice.[Pubmed: 20981318]

The objective of this study is to investigate the antiabortive effects of Quercetin and Bornvl Acetate and their immunological modulation at maternal-fetal interface.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was injected via tail vein to induce abortion in mice which received Quercetin and Bornvl Acetate at days 4-7 of gestation. Uterine CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocytes and IFN-γ/IL-4 of each group (n = 10) were detected by immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ increased significantly (P < .01) in the uterus of LPS-induced abortion mice. In the Quercetin and Bornvl Acetate pretreated mice followed by LPS administration, the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ dropped to 0.562 ± 0.021, lower than that of LPS-abortion group (P < .01). The mean value of IFN-γ/IL-4 in LPS-treated mice was 0.310 ± 0.066, higher than that of Quercetin and Bornyl acetate group.
CONCLUSIONS:
The results indicate that Quercetin and Bornyl acetate have an antiabortive effect through modulation of immunological balance at maternal-fetal interface.