12-O-Methylcarnosic acid
12-O-Methylcarnosic acid has antioxidant activity, it is effective preventing gastric lesions. 12-O-Methylcarnosic acid can suppress melanin production with downregulation of tyrosinase expression in HMV-II melanoma cells.12-O-Methylcarnosic acid may have anti-diabetic activity, it is able to significantly activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ.
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Providing storage is as stated on the product vial and the vial is kept tightly sealed, the product can be stored for up to
24 months(2-8C).
Wherever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20C. Generally, these will be useable for up to two weeks. Before use, and prior to opening the vial we recommend that you allow your product to equilibrate to room temperature for at least 1 hour.
Need more advice on solubility, usage and handling? Please email to: service@chemfaces.com
The packaging of the product may have turned upside down during transportation, resulting in the natural compounds adhering to the neck or cap of the vial. take the vial out of its packaging and gently shake to let the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial. for liquid products, centrifuge at 200-500 RPM to gather the liquid at the bottom of the vial. try to avoid loss or contamination during handling.
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J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Jul 16;51(15):4247-53.
Phenolic diterpenes, flavones, and rosmarinic acid distribution during the development of leaves, flowers, stems, and roots of Rosmarinus officinalis. Antioxidant activity.[Pubmed:
12848492 ]
METHODS AND RESULTS:
The distribution of six compounds with three different polyphenol skeletons have been studied in Rosmarinus officinalis: phenolic diterpenes (carnosic acid, carnosol, and 12-O-Methylcarnosic acid), caffeoyl derivatives (rosmarinic acid), and flavones (isoscutellarein 7-O-glucoside and genkwanin), each showing a characteristic behavior and distribution during the vegetative cycle. Only in leaves were all six compounds present, and the highest accumulation rate was related with the young stages of development. Rosmarinic acid showed the highest concentrations of all the polyphenols in all organs. The distribution of this acid in leaves, flowers, and stems suggests that in the first stages of flower growth, levels were due to in situ biosynthesis, and in the last stages, the contribution of transport phenomena was increased.
The antioxidant activity of six extracts with different polyphenolic composition was evaluated in aqueous and lipid systems.
CONCLUSIONS:
The results clearly suggest that rosemary extracts are excellent antioxidants in both aqueous and lipid systems.
Planta Med 2015; 81 - SL3B_04
Ursolic acid and 12-O-methylcarnosic acid from the leaves of Rosmarinus officinalis L. suppressed melanin production with downregulation of tyrosinase expression in HMV-II melanoma cells[Reference:
WebLink]
A total of 15 samples of extracts obtained from horticultural herbal therapy plants were examined. Based on IC50 values, the highest inhibitory effect on melanogenesis was observed with extracts from the leaves of Rosmarinus officinalis L. (rosemary). This extract showed stronger activity than the flowers of Erica vulgaris (heath), which include abundant levels of the major skin whitening compound, arbutin (positive control). Next, we isolated active compounds from rosemary by melanogenesis inhibitory activity-guided fractionation, identifying ursolic acid (1) and 12-O-Methylcarnosic acid (2) as the main bioactive compounds. Compared with 1 and its isomers (betulinic acid (3) and oleanic acid (4)) at the concentration of 7.5 μM, inhibitory effects of 1 and 3 were 67.2 ± 9.4% and 0.5 ± 0.5% (% to control), respectively. Compound 3 showed high cytotoxicity (viability, 7.4 ± 1.4%), while 4 had no effect inhibiting melanogenesis. Tyrosinase is one of the key enzymes involved in melanogenesis. We therefore studied whether these compounds would suppress expression of tyrosinase on HMV-II cells. Compounds 1, 2, and 3 showed downregulation of tyrosinase expression, according to the results of western blotting.
Planta Med. 2011 Jun;77(9):882-7.
Gastroprotective effect and cytotoxicity of carnosic acid derivatives.[Pubmed:
21246485 ]
Carnosic acid (CA) is the main phenolic diterpene of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L., Lamiaceae) and presents gastroprotective effect in vitro and in vivo.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
To determine structure-activity relationships, seventeen esters and ethers of CA were prepared, comprising aliphatic, aromatic, and heterocyclic compounds. The naturally occurring 12-O-Methylcarnosic acid (14) was also included in the study. The compounds were evaluated for their gastroprotective activity in the HCl/EtOH-induced gastric lesions model in mice, and for cytotoxicity in human adenocarcinoma AGS cells, Hep G2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells, and human lung fibroblasts. At 10 mg/kg, some of the CA derivatives (5, 8, 9, 12, 14, and 18) were more effective preventing gastric lesions than the reference compound lansoprazole at the same dose.
CONCLUSIONS:
The dibenzoate 9, diindoleacetate 12, and the derivative 18 showed the best gastroprotective effect combined with the lowest cytotoxicity.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2010 Oct 28;132(1):127-33.
Activation of the nuclear receptor PPARγ by metabolites isolated from sage (Salvia officinalis L.).[Pubmed:
20696231 ]
Salvia officinalis has been used as a traditional remedy against diabetes in many countries and its glucose-lowering effects have been demonstrated in animal studies. The active compounds and their possible mode of action are still unknown although it has been suggested that diterpenes may be responsible for the anti-diabetic effect of Salvia officinalis.
To investigate whether the reported anti-diabetic effects of Salvia officinalis are related to activation of the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ and to identify the bioactive constituents.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
From a dichloromethane extract of Salvia officinalis able to activate PPARγ several major metabolites were isolated by chromatographic techniques. To assess bioactivity of the isolated metabolites a PPARγ transactivation assay was used.
Eight diterpenes were isolated and identified including a new abietane diterpene being the epirosmanol ester of 12-O-Methylcarnosic acid and 20-hydroxyferruginol, which was isolated from Salvia officinalis for the first time, as well as viridiflorol, oleanolic acid, and α-linolenic acid. 12-O-methyl carnosic acid and α-linolenic acid were able to significantly activate PPARγ whereas the remaining metabolites were either unable to activate PPARγ or yielded insignificant activation.
CONCLUSIONS:
Selected metabolites from Salvia officinalis were able to activate PPARγ and hence, the anti-diabetic activity of this plant could in part be mediated through this nuclear receptor.
