Scutellaria species, Lamiaceae, popularly known as skullcaps have been extensively used in traditional medical systems of China, India, Korea, Japan, European countries, and North America. Mountane field, seaside. The most extensively used and documented species is baical skullcap. Plants 5-20cm tall. Leaves 1cm long, 1cm wide. Flowers purple or white (forma alba) corollas ca. 2cm long, flowering in May to June. Perennial plants.
Baicalin, baicalein, and wogonin are major ingredients and have been studied in Scutellaria indica. Five flavanones were isolated from the root of Scutellaria indica L., together with 2(S)-5,2'-dihydroxy-7,8,6'-trimethoxyfiavanone, (±)-5,2'-dihydroxy-6,7,6'-trimethoxyflavanone, 5,7-dihydroxy-8,2'-dimethoxy flavone, rivularin, 5,2',6'-trihydroxy-7,8-dimethoxyfiavone, scutevurin, 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone, wogonin, alpinetin, caldamomin and wogonin 7-O-glucuronide.
