Taraxeryl acetate
Taraxeryl acetate shows the significant antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus (type II). It has less effect on cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of AGS cells than taraxerol. A. roxburghiana has antidiabetic activity, could be attributed due to PTP1B inhibition by its triterpene constituents, betulin, betulinic acid and Taraxeryl acetate.
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Providing storage is as stated on the product vial and the vial is kept tightly sealed, the product can be stored for up to
24 months(2-8C).
Wherever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20C. Generally, these will be useable for up to two weeks. Before use, and prior to opening the vial we recommend that you allow your product to equilibrate to room temperature for at least 1 hour.
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The packaging of the product may have turned upside down during transportation, resulting in the natural compounds adhering to the neck or cap of the vial. take the vial out of its packaging and gently shake to let the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial. for liquid products, centrifuge at 200-500 RPM to gather the liquid at the bottom of the vial. try to avoid loss or contamination during handling.
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J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem. 2015 Jun 29:1-5.
Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitors isolated from Artemisia roxburghiana.[Pubmed:
26118418]
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Molecular docking simulations were performed to investigate the mechanism behind PTP1B inhibition of the isolated compound and positive control, ursolic acid. Betulinic acid, betulin and Taraxeryl acetate were the active PTP1B principles with IC50 values 3.49 ± 0.02, 4.17 ± 0.03 and 87.52 ± 0.03 µM, respectively. Molecular docking studies showed significant molecular interactions of the triterpene inhibitors with Gly220, Cys215, Gly218 and Asp48 inside the active site of PTP1B. The antidiabetic activity of A. roxburghiana could be attributed due to PTP1B inhibition by its triterpene constituents, betulin, betulinic acid and Taraxeryl acetate.
CONCLUSIONS:
Computational insights of this study revealed that the C-3 and C-17 positions of the compounds needs extensive optimization for the development of new lead compounds.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2009 Jul 30;124(3):556-61.
Antimicrobial activity of the crude extract, fractions and compounds from stem bark of Ficus ovata (Moraceae).[Pubmed:
19450673]
This study was designed to investigate the antimicrobial activities of the methanol extracts from the stem bark of Ficus ovata (FOB), fractions (FOB1-6) and compounds isolated following bio-guided fractionation [3-friedelanone (1), Taraxeryl acetate (2), betulinic acid (3), oleanoïc acid (4), 2-hydroxyisoprunetin (5), 6,7-(2-isopropenyl furo)-5,2,4-trihydroxyisoflavone (6), Cajanin (7) and protocatechuic acid (8)].
METHODS AND RESULTS:
The micro-dilution method was used for the determination of the minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) and the minimal microbicidal concentration (MMC) against fungi (two species), gram-positive (three species) and gram-negative bacteria (five species).The results of the MIC determinations indicated that the crude extract (FOB), fractions FOB2 and FOB4 as well as compound 5 were active on the entire studied organisms. Other samples showed selective activity, fractions FOB1, FOB3 and FOB5 being active against 50% of the tested microbial species while FOB6 was active on 40%. Compounds 8, 6, 2 and 7 prevented the growth of 80%, 70%, 50% and 20% of the organisms respectively. The lowest MIC value (156 g/ml) observed with the crude extract was recorded on Streptococcus faecalis, Candida albicans and Microsporum audouinii. The corresponding value for fractions (39 microg/ml) was noted with FOB4 against Staphylococcus aureus, while that of the tested compounds (10 microg/ml) was observed with compound 8 on Microsporum audouinii.
CONCLUSIONS:
The results of the MMC determination suggested that the cidal effect of most of the tested samples on the studied microorganisms could be expected.
Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 2011, 32(6): 1278-84.
Effects of taraxerol and taraxeryl acetate on cell cycle and apoptosis of human gastric epithelial cell line AGS[Reference:
WebLink]
To investigate the effects of taraxerol and Taraxeryl acetate on cell cycle and apoptosis of human gastric epithelial cell line AGS cells.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
The inhibitory effects of taraxerol and Taraxeryl acetate at different concentrations on AGS cell growth were measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)method and the concentrations of taraxerol and Taraxeryl acetate to be used in following experiments were decided.Then,cell cycle analysis was performed by FACScan flow cytometry after culture with taraxerol or Taraxeryl acetate.Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide staining was used to measure cell apoptosis. Taraxerol significantly inhibited AGS cell proliferation in a dose-and time-dependent manner.Taraxerol arrested the AGS cells at G2/M stage.110 μmol/L taraxerol elevated the population of AGS cells arrested in G2/M phase compared with solvent(P0.05).Taraxerol also promoted early cell apoptosis in AGS cells.110 μmol/L taraxerol increased the early cell apoptosis rate from 4.45% to 10.29%,which was 1.31 times higher than that of the untreated cells.However,Taraxeryl acetate had a lower inhibitory effect than taraxerol,and it showed a tendency of G2/M arrest and apoptosis promotion but with no statistical significance(P0.05).
CONCLUSIONS:
Taraxerol has inhibitory effects on AGS cell growth through inducing G2/M arrest and promotion of cell apoptosis.Taraxeryl acetate has less effect on cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of AGS cells than taraxerol.
