Glochidiol

Planta Med. 2004 Dec;70(12):1234-6.

Potential anti-tumor promoting activity of lupane-type triterpenoids from the stem bark of Glochidion zeylanicum and Phyllanthus flexuosus.[Pubmed: 15643564]

METHODS AND RESULTS:
Four known lupane-type triterpenoids, glochidonol (1), Glochidiol (2), lup-20(29)-ene-1beta,3beta-diol (3) and glochidone (3) were isolated from the stem bark of Glochidion zeylanicum. Previously, lupeol (5), lup-20(29)-ene-3beta,24-diol (6) and betulin (7) were isolated from the stem bark of Phyllanthus flexuosus. This study reports the assays of these lupane-type triterpenoids: all isolates 1-7 and synthetic analogues, glochidonyl acetate (1a), lup-20(29)-ene-1,3-dione (1b) and lup-20(29)-ene 3beta,24-diacetate (6a) were tested for their inhibitory effects on Epstein-Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA) activation induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA).
CONCLUSIONS:
Among them, the effects of compounds 2 (IC50 = 290 mol ratio/32 pmol TPA) and 3 (IC50 = 300) were stronger than the others. In addition, compound 2 exhibited a strong inhibitory effect on mouse skin tumor promotion in an in vivo mouse two-stage carcinogenesis test.

Planta Med. 2005 Mar;71(3):208-13.

Cytotoxic activity of lupane-type triterpenes from Glochidion sphaerogynum and Glochidion eriocarpum two of which induce apoptosis.[Pubmed: 15770539]

METHODS AND RESULTS:
Six known lupanes lupenone ( 1), 3- epi-lupeol ( 2), glochidone ( 4), glochidonol ( 5), Glochidiol ( 6) and lup-20(29)-ene-1beta,3beta-diol ( 7) were isolated from the roots and stem wood of Glochidion eriocarpum and three, 5, 6 and lup-20(29)ene-3alpha,23-diol ( 3), were isolated from the roots and stem wood of Glochidion sphaerogynum. Compounds were identified by (1)H- and (13)C-NMR techniques. Triterpenes 2 - 7 were tested against the growth of three human tumor cell lines, MCF-7, NCI-H-460 and SF-268.
CONCLUSIONS:
Lupanes 3, 5, and 6 exhibited strong inhibitory effects against all three; thus GI (50) values for 3 were 12.7 +/- 3.7, 17.9 +/- 1.1 and 17.9 +/- 0.5, for 5 9.0 +/- 3.7, 4.9 +/- 0.2 and 9.8 +/- 0.5, and for 6 6.63 +/- 0.7, 7.5 +/- 0.5 and 9.7 +/- 0.3.3. Epilupeol was less active, with GI (50) values of 75.6 +/- 11.7, 86.1 +/- 12.4 and 80.9 +/- 2.6 while 7 was moderately active only against MCF-7 (GI (50) = 79.2 +/- 2.4). Additional studies indicated that triterpenes 5 and 6 exerted their antiproliferative activity through the involvement of apoptosis while triterpene 3 did not.

Phytochemistry.1988;27(11):3575-3578.

Triterpenoids from Glochidion heyneanum.[Reference: WebLink]

METHODS AND RESULTS:
Two new triterpene glycosides, glochidioside N and glochidioside Q were isolated from G. heyneanum, besides nine known compounds, glochidone, glochidonol, Glochidiol, lup-20(29)-en-1β,3β-diol, epimachaerinic acid, β-amyrin, stigmasterol, sitosterol-β-d-glucoside and d-mannitol.