Integerrimine
Prenatal exposure to Integerrimine N-oxide induces maternal toxicity, impairment of maternal care and delayed in physical and behavioral development of the offspring. Doses of Integerrimine N-oxide here employed did not produce marked immunotoxic effects.
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24 months(2-8C).
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Food Chem Toxicol. 2011 Sep;49(9):2313-9.
Haematological and immunological effects of repeated dose exposure of rats to integerrimine N-oxide from Senecio brasiliensis.[Pubmed:
21722699]
This study is the first in the literature to focus attention on the possible immunotoxic effect of Integerrimine N-oxide content in the butanolic residue (BR) of Senecio brasiliensis, a poisonous hepatotoxic plant that contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs). PAs have been reported as a pasture and food contaminant and as herbal medicine used worldwide and are responsible for poisoning events in livestock and human beings.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
After the plant extraction, BR extracted from Senecio brasiliensis was found to contain approximately 70% Integerrimine N-oxide by elemental and spectral analyses ((1)H and (13)C NMR), which was administered to adult male Wistar Hannover rats at doses of 3, 6 and 9 mg/kg for 28 days. Our study showed that Integerrimine N-oxide could promote an impairment in the body weight gain, interference with blood cell counts and a reducing T cell proliferative activity in rats; however, no differences in the neutrophil activities, lymphocytes phenotyping and humoural and cellular immune responses were observed.
CONCLUSIONS:
It is concluded that doses of Integerrimine N-oxide here employed did not produce marked immunotoxic effects.
Int J Dev Neurosci. 2014 Aug;36:53-63.
Prenatal exposure to integerrimine N-oxide impaired the maternal care and the physical and behavioral development of offspring rats.[Pubmed:
24881561]
The aim of this present study was to evaluate effects of prenatal exposure to Integerrimine N-oxide, the main PA found in the butanolic residue (BR) of Senecio brasiliensis, on both physical and behavioral parameters of Wistar rat offspring. The toxicity and maternal behavior were also evaluated.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
For this, pregnant Wistar rats received Integerrimine N-oxide from the BR of Senecio brasiliensis, by gavage, on gestational days 6-20 (during organogenesis and fetal development period) at doses of 3, 6 and 9 mg/kg.
Results showed that prenatal exposure to Integerrimine N-oxide of S. brasiliensis induced maternal toxicity, impairment in maternal behavior and aggressive maternal behavior, mainly in the highest dose group.
CONCLUSIONS:
Thus, prenatal exposure to Integerrimine N-oxide induces maternal toxicity, impairment of maternal care and delayed in physical and behavioral development of the offspring.
