DL-Menthol
DL-Menthol has short term toxicity in rats, it plays a role in the induction of surgical anesthesia in fishes, related at least in part to the activation of GABAA receptors, and of rapid movement possibly via cold nociceptors.
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Providing storage is as stated on the product vial and the vial is kept tightly sealed, the product can be stored for up to
24 months(2-8C).
Wherever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20C. Generally, these will be useable for up to two weeks. Before use, and prior to opening the vial we recommend that you allow your product to equilibrate to room temperature for at least 1 hour.
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Open Neuroscience Journal, 2014, 8(1):1-8.
Menthol Induces Surgical Anesthesia and Rapid Movement in Fishes.[Reference:
WebLink]
To determine whether fishes respond to menthol, Japanese medaka Oryzias latipes, goldfish Carassius auratus, and zebrafish Danio rerio were exposed to various types of menthol receptors agonists and the behavioral responses to these drugs were observed.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Waterbone application of DL-Menthol (0.5 mM) induced surgical anesthesia in 100% of medaka, 90% of goldfish, and 100% of zebrafish. The percentage of response increased dose-dependently from 0.2 mM to 0.5 mM. There were no differences in either percentage or latency of the response in surgical anesthesia among dl-, d-, and l- types of menthol. A high (3.0 mM) concentration of any of the three types of menthol induced rapid movement followed by the anesthetic response. Rapid movement was observed with allyl isothiocyanate, a cold nociceptor agonist, but not with icilin, a cold receptor agonist, in medaka and goldfish. Both allyl isothiocyanate and icilin failed to induce surgical anesthesia. To determine the involvement of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) system in menthol-induced surgical anesthesia, the effect of the receptors antagonist for the GABAA was tested. Pretreatment with a specific GABAA receptor antagonist prolonged the latency of the anesthetic response to menthol, but not to cold-water stimulation, in medaka and goldfish.
CONCLUSIONS:
These results demonstrate that menthol can play a role in the induction of surgical anesthesia in fishes, related at least in part to the activation of GABAA receptors, and of rapid movement possibly via cold nociceptors.
J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Jan 16;50(2):262-5.
Factors affecting the resolution of dl-menthol by immobilized lipase-catalyzed esterification in organic solvent.[Pubmed:
11782192]
Among 10 lipases tested, Candida rugosa lipase exhibited the best ability to catalyze the resolution of DL-Menthol in organic solvent. The lipase was immobilized on different carriers, and the experiment was carried out with different acyl donors. The high yield and optical purity of the product were achieved in cyclohexane with valeric acid as acyl donor using C. rugosa lipase immobilized on DEAE-Sephadex A-25. The conversion of DL-Menthol depended on the water content of immobilized lipase and on the pH of the aqueous solution from which lipase was immobilized. The operational stability of the DEAE-Sephadex A-25 immobilized lipase in catalysis of the esterification reaction showed that >85% activity remained after 34 days of repeated use. The resolution of racemic menthol in organic medium catalyzed by immobilized C. rugosa lipase-catalyzed esterification is very convenient, and it represents a significant improvement in the use of enzyme for the preparative production of optically active menthol. This process is readily applicable to large-scale preparation.
