Stachyose
Stachyose, as prebiotics, can prevent indirectly colon cancer cell growth by promoting the proliferation of probiotics or producing beneficial materials in the intestine.Stachyose inhibits Caco-2 cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Stachyose with an RS3 carrier has better preventative effects on colitis than Stachyose alone in mice.
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Providing storage is as stated on the product vial and the vial is kept tightly sealed, the product can be stored for up to
24 months(2-8C).
Wherever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20C. Generally, these will be useable for up to two weeks. Before use, and prior to opening the vial we recommend that you allow your product to equilibrate to room temperature for at least 1 hour.
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The packaging of the product may have turned upside down during transportation, resulting in the natural compounds adhering to the neck or cap of the vial. take the vial out of its packaging and gently shake to let the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial. for liquid products, centrifuge at 200-500 RPM to gather the liquid at the bottom of the vial. try to avoid loss or contamination during handling.
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Food Funct. 2015 Mar 11;6(3):765-71.
Stachyose-induced apoptosis of Caco-2 cells via the caspase-dependent mitochondrial pathway.[Pubmed:
25578308]
Some studies have shown that Stachyose, as prebiotics, can prevent indirectly colon cancer cell growth by promoting the proliferation of probiotics or producing beneficial materials in the intestine. However, its direct inhibitory effects on cancer cells are still unclear. Thus, this study aims to investigate the direct inhibitory effect of Stachyose on human colon cancer cells and determine the molecular mechanism underlying this effect.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
The MTT assay was used to assess the inhibitory effect of Stachyose on Caco-2 cells. Apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) measurements were analyzed using flow cytometry. The activities and mRNA expressions of caspases 3 and 9 were determined using caspase assay kits and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The apoptotic protein expressions of Bcl-2, Bax, and cytochrome C (Cyt C) were detected through western blotting. Results showed that Stachyose inhibits Caco-2 cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. After pretreatment with 0.4, 0.8, 1.6 and 3.2 mg mL(-1) Stachyose, cell inhibitory rates of 15.31% ± 3.20%, 28.45% ± 2.10%, 40.23% ± 5.70%, and 55.67% ± 4.50% were respectively obtained. Compared with the control, decreases in ΔΨm, increases in caspase 3 and 9 activities and mRNA expressions, down-regulation of Bcl-2 protein expression, up-regulation of the Bax protein and Cyt C release of Caco-2 cells were clearly observed upon exposure to different Stachyose concentrations.
CONCLUSIONS:
The inhibitory mechanism of Stachyose on Caco-2 cells involves the caspase-dependent mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.
Exp Ther Med. 2013 Nov;6(5):1312-1316.
Inhibitory effects of resistant starch (RS3) as a carrier for stachyose on dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in C57BL/6 mice.[Pubmed:
24223664]
METHODS AND RESULTS:
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of resistant starch 3 (RS3) as a carrier for Stachyose on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in C57BL/6 mice. RS3 microspheres carrying Stachyose (RS3 + Stachyose) were produced and evaluated as a potentially improved colitis therapy for this study. The body weights of the mice treated with RS3 + Stachyose were higher compared with those of DSS-treated control mice. RS3 + Stachyose reduced the levels of the serum pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α to a greater extent compared with the same concentration of Stachyose combined with ordinary starch (Stachyose + starch). Histopathological examination of sections of colon tissues showed that the RS3 + Stachyose group recovered well from colitis; however, the tissue sections of the Stachyose + starch group presented necrosis to a more serious degree.
CONCLUSIONS:
These results suggest that Stachyose with an RS3 carrier has better preventative effects on colitis than Stachyose alone in mice.
J Agric Food Chem. 2011 Oct 12;59(19):10705-11.
Study of influential factors on oligosaccharide formation by fructosyltransferase activity during stachyose hydrolysis by Pectinex ultra SP-L.[Pubmed:
21882802]
The influence of reaction conditions for oligosaccharide synthesis from Stachyose using a commercial enzymatic preparation from Aspergillus aculeatus (Pectinex Ultra SP-L) was studied.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Oligosaccharides were analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Galactosyl-melibiose (DP(3)) was synthesized as a result of fructosidase activity, whereas fructosyl-Stachyose (DP(5)) and difructosyl-Stachyose (DP(6)) were formed as a consequence of the fructosyltransferase activity of Pectinex Ultra SP-L. The optimal reaction conditions for the synthesis of penta- and hexasaccharides were 60 °C, pH 5.5, 600 mg/mL Stachyose, and 34 U/mL enzyme. Reaction time played an important role in oligosaccharide mixture composition constituted by 20% DP(5), 0.7% DP(6), 55% Stachyose, 21% galactosyl-melibiose, and 1% monosaccharides after 1 h and 16% DP(5), 4% DP(6), 27% Stachyose, 44% galactosyl-melibiose, and 2% monosaccharides after 3 h.
CONCLUSIONS:
In conclusion, Stachyose could be used as a substrate for the enzymatic synthesis of new oligosaccharides that may open new opportunities in the development of future prebiotics.
