(-)-Fenchone
(-)-Fenchone could be a biocontrol agent against the North American bark beetle, Dendroctonus valens.
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Providing storage is as stated on the product vial and the vial is kept tightly sealed, the product can be stored for up to
24 months(2-8C).
Wherever possible, you should prepare and use solutions on the same day. However, if you need to make up stock solutions in advance, we recommend that you store the solution as aliquots in tightly sealed vials at -20C. Generally, these will be useable for up to two weeks. Before use, and prior to opening the vial we recommend that you allow your product to equilibrate to room temperature for at least 1 hour.
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The packaging of the product may have turned upside down during transportation, resulting in the natural compounds adhering to the neck or cap of the vial. take the vial out of its packaging and gently shake to let the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial. for liquid products, centrifuge at 200-500 RPM to gather the liquid at the bottom of the vial. try to avoid loss or contamination during handling.
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Biol. Pharm. Bull. 2006,29(12) 2354—2358.
Metabolism of (-)-Fenchone by CYP2A6 and CYP2B6 in Human Liver.[Reference:
WebLink]
The in vitro metabolism of (-)-Fenchone was examined in human liver microsomes and recombinant enzymes.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Biotransformation of (-)-Fenchone was investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. (-)-Fenchone was found to be oxidized to 6-exo-hydroxyfenchone, 6-endo-hydroxyfenchone and 10-hydroxyfenchone by human liver microsomal P450 enzymes. The formation of metabolite of (-)-Fenchone was determined by relative
abundance of mass fragments and retention time with GC.
CONCLUSIONS:
CYP2A6 and CYP2B6 in human liver microsomes
were major enzymes involved in the hydroxylation of (-)-Fenchone , based on the following lines of evidence. First, of eleven recombinant human P450 enzymes tested, CYP2A6 and CYP2B6 catalyzed oxidation of (-)-Fenchone. Second, oxidation of (-)-Fenchone was inhibited by thioTEPA, (-)-menthofuran anti-CYP2A6 and antiCYP2B6 antibodies. Finally, there was a good correlation between CYP2A6, CYP2B6 contents and (-)-Fenchone hydroxylation activities in liver microsomes of 8 human samples.
Journal of Chemical Ecology, 1991, 17(10):2003-2019.
Volatile compounds in the larval frass ofDendroctonus valens andDendroctonus micans (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in relation to oviposition by the predator,Rhizophagus grandis (Coleoptera: Rhizophagidae).[Reference:
WebLink]
During a laboratory study evaluatingRhizophagus grandis (a specific native predator of the Eurasian bark beetle,Dendroctonus micans), as a potential biocontrol agent against the North American bark beetle,Dendroctonus valens, it was found that feeding larvae and laboratory-produced frass of the potential prey elicited very high oviposition responses in the predator.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Comparative chemical analysis of this laboratory-produced larval frass revealed that one major volatile compound, (-)-Fenchone, is associated with the larvae of bothDendroctonus species.D. micans also generated pinocamphone while oxygenated monoterpenes in the frass ofD. valens were camphor,cis-4-thujanol, fenchol, terpinen-4-ol, myrtenal, pinocarvone, borneol, verbenone, piperitone, campholenaldehyde,trans-myrtanol,cis-myrtanol,p-cymen-8-ol and 5-oxo-camphor. This range of prey-produced compounds with a possible biological effect onR. grandis was narrowed down subsequent to comparative analysis of field-collected larval frass. (-)-Fenchone, pinocamphone, camphor, terpinen-4-ol, borneol, fenchol, and verbenone were found to be common to both prey species. A mixture of these seven components was tested in a bioassay, where it elicited as much oviposition as did larval frass of D. micans.
CONCLUSIONS:
The oviposition stimulants forR. grandis are thus clearly among the mixture's constituents.
