Anemarrhenasaponin I

Planta Med. 2012 Apr;78(6):611-6.

Steroidal glycosides from the rhizomes of Anemarrhena asphodeloides and their antiplatelet aggregation activity.[Pubmed: 22307934]

METHODS AND RESULTS:
Five new steroidal glycosides, timosaponin J ( 1), timosaponin K ( 2), (25 S)-karatavioside C ( 5), timosaponin L ( 6), and (25 S)-officinalisnin-I ( 8), together with eight known steroidal saponins, timosaponin E (1) ( 3), purpureagitosid ( 4), timosaponin BII ( 7), timosaponin B III ( 9), Anemarrhenasaponin I ( 10), Anemarrhenasaponin III ( 11), anemarrhenasaponin A (2) ( 12), and timosaponin A III ( 13), were isolated from the rhizomes of Anemarrhena asphodeloides. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical evidence.
CONCLUSIONS:
The aglycones of compounds 1 and 2 are new aglycones. Compounds 1- 13 were evaluated for their platelet aggregation activities, and compound 13 exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced platelet aggregation.

Clin Chim Acta. 1999 Nov;289(1-2):79-88.

Effect of six steroidal saponins isolated from anemarrhenae rhizoma on platelet aggregation and hemolysis in human blood.[Pubmed: 10556655]

METHODS AND RESULTS:
Six steroidal saponins were isolated from Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge (Liliaceae), a traditional chinese medicine, and named Anemarrhenasaponin I (An-I), Anemarrhenasaponin Ia (An-Ia), timosaponin B-I (TB-I), timosaponin B-II (TB-II), timosaponin B-III (TB-III), and timosaponin A-III (TA-III). The effects of these six compounds on platelet aggregation and hemolysis in human blood were studied. All these compounds provoked remarkable inhibiting effect on platelet aggregation, and activated partial thromboplastin times (APTT) are sensitive to the presence of these six compounds. Using an in vitro system, APTT was delayed with the increment of the concentrations of these six compounds. In these six compounds, only timosaponin A-III appeared a strong effect on hemolysis, and Anemarrhenasaponin Ia had a slight effect on hemolysis, other had no effect on hemolysis.
CONCLUSIONS:
These results suggested that these steroidal saponins isolated from Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge (Liliaceae) might be used as a novel antithrombotic therapeutic agents in post-myocardial infarction.

Se Pu. 2012 Dec;30(12):1271-5.

Effects of different processing methods on five main chemical constituents of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge. studied by high performance liquid chromatography.[Pubmed: 23593885]

METHODS AND RESULTS:
A high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of neomangiferin, mangiferin, timosaponin B III, Anemarrhenasaponin I and timosaponin A III in the products of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge. processed by different methods. By comparing and analyzing the variation of the contents of the five components, the effects of processing on chemical constituents of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge. were explored, which provided evidences for the relevance between processing and the property changes of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge. The chromatographic separation was performed on an Alltima C18 column (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 microm) with a gradient elution of acetonitrile (A) and 0. 1% formic acid (B) (0 - 10 min, 5% A - 20% A; 10 - 15 min, 20% A - 25% A; 15 -30 min, 25% A - 80% A; 30 -35 min, 80% A - 100% A) at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. Neomangiferin and mangiferin were detected by an ultraviolet detector at 265 nm and room temperature. Timosaponin B III, Anemarrhenasaponin I and timosaponin A III were detected by an evaporative light scattering detector with the drift temperature at 50 degrees C and gas pressure at 179.1 kPa (26 psi). To some extent, the contents of the major components varied in different processed products of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge.
CONCLUSIONS:
The results indicated that different processing methods caused significant differences in the contents of the major components of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge. It is of great use for further researching the relevance of the processing methods to pharmacodynamics of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge.

Planta Med. 1999 Oct;65(7):661-3.

Steroidal saponins from Anemarrhena asphodeloides and their effects on superoxide generation.[Pubmed: 10617410]

METHODS AND RESULTS:
A new steroidal saponin, timosaponin F, along with six known compounds was isolated from the rhizomes of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge. On the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence, the structure of timosaponin F was elucidated as (5beta, 25 S):-spirostan-3beta,15alpha,23alpha-triol-3-O-beta- glucopyranosyl-(1--->2)-beta-galactopyranoside.
CONCLUSIONS:
The six known compounds were Anemarrhenasaponin I, Anemarrhenasaponin Ia, timosaponin BI, timosaponin BII, timosaponin B, timosaponin AIII; their effects on superoxide generation are also reported.